Pump



' Ju n e26,19 45. 1 K. JOHANSEN 2,379,156-

PUMP 7 Filed May 12, 1944 3 SheetsSheef 1 June 26, 1945.

E. K. JOHANSEN PUMP Filec 1 May 12. 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 26, 1945. E. K. JQ ANSEN 2,379,156

. PUMP Y Filed May 12, 1944 s Sheets-sheaf 3' position shown in Figs. 1 and 5.

elitis s Julie as, 1945 rates Einar B. .lohansen, @hlcago, ill, asslgiiior to Clearing Machine Corporation, @hieago, 211111., corporation oi llllliuois This invention relates, in general, to pumps or motors, but more particularly to the type oi pumps generally known as radial piston pumps, and one of the objects of the invention is to improve and simplify the construction of the pump, whereby the size and weight, as well as the nurn= her of rotating parts, will be reduced to a mink mum, while, at the same time, the pump will operate at a high speed.

A further object is to provide an improved pump of this character, which will rotate or operate in either direction, and in which the suction and discharge passages will he of substantially the same area or size, to permit of such operations, without the necessity of altering any of the mternal parts 01 the pump to render it operable in the desired direction.

A further object is to provide an improved construction of pump oi this character, in which the number of hearings will be reduced to a on mum, rendering it less dimcult to maintain the operating parts in alinement.

A further object is to provide a pump of this character, in which the pistons will be operated by an eccentric, and in which the valve that coiotrols the suction and discharge or the pistozosat the various operating stages, will he formed intc= gral with, and constitute a part of, the operating shaft. 4

To the attainment oi these ends and the ac== Fig. d is a detail sectional view tattoo on line 3t,-Fig. l, and showing the parts Wflirom the Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view taken. 6-5, Fig. l.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view taken on line on line M, Fig. 1, and showing the parts 90 from the position shown in Figs. 1 and 5.

The pump consists essentially, of a casing or housing I0 which may beof any desired size and conflguratiomandwhich is provided, at one end, with an inwardly projecting flange having an opening 52 therethrough The humeral l8 desig nates a head provided with a reduced portion i to form a chowder l5, end this reduced portion is illls the opening it. in the flange ii, and the shoulder l5 abuts the outer face of the flange. This head is secured in position iii any suit-a sle manner, such as by means of fastening; Iool The other end oi the housing it is closed t a head that is insertwd into the end of the locusing and is provided with a circumferential shoul-= der 68, A collar [19 is threaded into the housing, as at 26, and engages the shoulder to to removable hold the head ll in position. Suitable openfing's it are provided in the collar to facilitate the adjustment of the same. The inner lace the head ll is'reduced to form a lateral projection that is. of an external diameter considerably less than the internal diameter of the housing lit, and the projection is of a length to terminate considerably short of the other end. or the housios.

Within this projection 22 there are termed two passages 23 26, which are of substantially the some area, the passage 28 holes provided with an opening 25, cooperating with which-is a nipple or coupling 26 held position in any suitable manner, such as by means of collar 2'17. A simi lar nipple 28, held in position hymeans ot a collar iii), communicates with an opening til oi the passage The passage is provided with o lateral opening to lea through the extension and a similar opeuihgor passage 35 also leads iromthe passage 26. These passages 282Q coo stitute an inlet and a discharge outlet for the fluid to he handled by the pump, and as the pump is adapted to operate in both directions, either of the passages will constitute an inlet or an outlet, according to the direction of rotation of the pum o.

Projecting through the head it is a shaft 232 provided with a coupling member 33 on the end thereof, through the medium of which it may be rotated, and a suitable seal iii; is provided in the head, for the shalt. The inner end of the shaft is preferably enlarged, as at tit, and is recessed to form a chamber, into which the end of the projection 22 on the head ll extends, and about which projection the wall or the chamber or recess in the end of the shaft. rotates. Ball be'gs t! are provided for the shaft within the head to,

d a similar set of ball bearings 38a is also provided for the i 12: between the wall of the recess .orchamber in the shaft and the casin or housfor the shatt.

Encompassing the shaft 32 are a plurality of radially arranged cylinders 31 in which pistons 38 operate, and these cylinders 31 have communication, through passage 43a, withpassages 33-40 (see particularly Fig. in the periphery of the wall 4| of the chamber or recess in the end of the shaft. These passages 3940 are out of communication with each other, as shown more clearly in Fig. 5, through the medium of the end walls 42-43. The passage 39 has communication with certain of the cylinders, while the passage 40 has communication with the remaining cylinders. The wall 4| is also provided with a series of ports 44--45, the ports 44 having communication, when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 5, with the passage 39, while the ports 45 have communication with the passage 40. As the shaft is rotated, these ports 4445 will successively estabeffect such communication.

The cylinders 31 are disposed laterally with respect to the chamber or recess in the shaft, and in a direction lengthwise of the axis of the shaft. Mounted upon and forming a part of the shaft 32,

is an eccentric 46, encompassing which eccentric is a member 41. A master pitman 48 connects the member 41 with one of the pistons 33 to operate the latter, and also serves as a means whereby to prevent rotation of the member 41 with the shaft. The remaining pistons 33 are connected to the member 41 through the medium of pitman rods or links 43 that are pivotally connected, as at 50, with the respective pistons, and as at 5|, with the member 41.

With this construction, it will be manifest that when the shaft 32 is rotated the eccentric 46 will actuate the member 41, and thereby reciprocate the pistons in the respective cylinders 31.

With this construction, when some of the pistons are moving inwardly to draw the fluid into the respective cylinders through one of the passages 23-24, through the openings 30-3l, or ports 44-45, through the passages 33 or 40, into the cylinders, the pistons in the other cylinders will be forcing the fiuid out of the cylinders through the other of said passages, to be discharged from the pump. As before stated, either of the passages 23---24 will constitute an inlet or an outlet, according to the direction of rotation of the shaft 32, and the respective pistons will correspondingly operate.

The rotating parts of the pump may be lubricated by means of the fiuid flowing to the cylinders through one of the passages 23-24, and for that purpose there may be provided a passage 52 I communicating with one of the passages 23-24, here shown as communicating with thepassage 23, into which the fluid will flow, to be discharged therefrom, through the passage 52. Any fluid which finds its way between the parts, that is, between the end of the projection 22 and the wall of the recess in the shaft, will accumulate in a chamber 53 in the shaft, to be discharged therefrom through one or more suitable openings 54, by centrifugal force, to lubricate the adjacent. parts. This chamber 531s also arranged so as to balance the eccentric portion of the shaft 32.

It will be noted that the ports 44-45 are out of alinement with each other, 'so as to control the direction of flow of the fluid either to or from the cylinders 31. Portions of the cylinder casing member 55 may be removed, as at 56-41 (see particularly Fig. 5), to produce lightness, without interfering with rigidity.

With this construction, it will be manifest that there is produced a radial pump in which the 5 number of rotating parts is materially reduced, thereby rendering it'possible to produce a pump comparatively small in size and weight, while the rotating parts may operate at a high speed. Furthermore, the number of bearings for maintaining the parts in alinement will be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of manufacture. At the same time, the parts are readily accessible, and either one of the heads may be removed without interfering with the other.

While the preferred form of the invention has been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed as new is:

' 1. A pump having a series of radially arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, an operating shaft, an eccentric mounted upon the shaft, an eccentric member encompassing the eccentric, a master connection between said eccentric member andone of said pistons, pitman members individual to the remaining pistons and pivotally connected with the eccentric member and the re-' spective pistons, a, stationary member having fluid passages therein, one of which passages serves as an inlet to, and another as a discharge from, the cylinders, the said shaft having a recess into which the last said member projects, the wall of said recess having fluid passages out of communication with each other and provided with ports, certainof which ports are individual to the respective last said passages, and means for ro- 40 tating said shaft to operate the pistonsand to cause the said ports to alternately establish communication between certain of said cylinders and certain of the first said fluid passages, through passages from the cylinders to the said passages in the wall of said recess, as the shaft is rotated. 2. A pump having a, series of radially arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, an operating shaft, an eccentric mounted upon the shaft, an eccentric member encompassing the eccentric, a master connection between said eccentric member and one of said pistons, pitman members individual to the remaining pistons and pivotally connected with the eccentric member and the respective pistons, a stationary member having fluid passages therein, one of which passages serves as an inlet to, and another as a discharge from, the cylinders, the said shaft having a recess into which the last said member projects, the wall ofsaid recess having fluid passages out of communication with each other and provided with ports, certain of which ports are individual to the respective last said passages, means for. rotating said shaft to operate the pistons and t6 cause the said ports to alternately establish communication between certain of said cylinders and certain of the first said fluid passages, through passages from the cylinders to the said passages in the wall of said recess, as the shaft is rotated, and roller bearings adjacent each end of said shaft and between which bearings said cylinders and said eccentric are located.

3. A pump having a series of radially arranged cylinders, pistons reciprocable therein, an operating shaft, an eccentrlcmounted upon the shaft, an eccentric member encompassing the eccentric,

a master connection between said eccentric memher and one of said pistons, pitman members individual to the remaining pistons and pivotally connected with the eccentric member and the respective pistons, a stationary member having fluid passages therein, one of which passages serves as an inlet to, and another as a discharge from, the cylinders, thesaid shaft having a recess into which the last said member projects, the wall of said recess having fluid passages out of communication with each other and provided with ports, certain of which ports are individual to the respective last said passages, means for rotating said shaft to operate the pistons and to cause the said ports to alternately establish communication between certain of said cylinders and certain of the first said fluid passages, through passages from the cylinders to the said passages in the wall of said recess, as the shaft is rotated, and lubrication passages for the rotating parts, said lubrication passages having communication with one of the first said fluid passages.

i. A pump embodying a casing, a head secured to one end of the casing, a projection on said head extending into the casing and being of an external diameter considerably less than the internal diameter of said casing, said head and extension having fluid passages therethrough, out of communication with each other, a head at the other end of the casing, a shaft extending through the last said head, and with the end of which shaft said projection telescopes, radially disposed cylinders encompassing said shaft, pistons in the cylinders, an eccentric on the shaft, a master connection between one of saidpistons and said eccentric, pivotal connections between the eccentric and each of the other pistons, each of said cylinders having an inlet and discharge opening, passages in said shaft out of communication with each other, but alternately movable into and out of communication with the fluid passages in said projection, ports in said shaft for alternately establishing communication between the last said fluid passages and certain of the cylinder passages, as the shaft is rotated, and means for rotating the shaft.

5. A pump embodying a casing, a projection on one wall of, and extending into, the casing, a shaft extending into the casing through the opposite wall, and with which projection said shaft telescopes for rotation with respect thereto, radial cylinders encompassing said shaft, pistons in the cylinders, operative connections between the pistons and said shaft, two fluid passages in said projection, two separate passages in said shaft movable alternately into and out of communication with the first said passages, a series of ports in the shaft individual to the said separate passages in the shaft, and combined inlet and discharge passages in the cylinders, the passages and ports in the shaft operating, as the shaft is rotated, to alternately establish communication between certain of the cylinders and the said passages in the said projection.

6. A pump embodying a casing, a head removably securedto the casing at each end, a projection on one head extending into the casing, a shaft-extending into the casing through the other head, said'projection telescoping into the shaft, radially arranged cylinders encompassing the shaft, pistons in the cylinders, operative connections between the shaft and pistons for operating the latter, two passages in said projection, each of which is adapted to serve as an inlet or discharge outlet, separate passages in thetelescoping portion of the shaft, out of communication with each other and in communication with said cylinders through ports leading from the last said passages to the cylinders, and means to rotate the shaft in either direction for causing the said ports to establish communication with the respective passages in said projection, according to the direction of rotation ofsaid shaft.

7. A pump embodying a casing, a head removably secured to the casing at each end, a projection on one head extending into the casing, a shaft extending into the casing through the other head, said projection telescoping into the shaft, radially arranged cylinders encompassing the shaft, pistons in the cylinders, operative connections between the shaft and pistons for operating the latter, two passages in said projection, each of which is adapted to serve a an inlet or discharge outlet, separate passages in the telescop ing portion of the shaft, out of communication with each other and in communication with said cylinders through ports leading from the last said passages, to the cylinder, means to rotate the shaft in either direction for causingthe said ports to establish communication with the respective passages in said projection, according to the direction of rotation of said shaft, and spaced roller bearings within the casing, for the shaft, and between which bearings said cylinders are located.

8. A pump embodying a, casing, a head removably secured to the casing at each end, a projection on one head extending into the casing, a shaft extending into the casing through the other head, said projection telescoping into the shaft, radially arranged cylinders encompassing the shaft, pistons in the cylinders, operative connections between the shaft and pistons for operating the latter, two passages in said projection, each of which is adapted to serve as an inlet or discharge outlet, separate passages in the telescoping portion of the shaft, out of communication with each other and in communication with said cylinders through ports leading from the last said passages to said cylinders, means to rotate the shaft in either direction for causing the said ports to establish communication withthe respective passages in said projection, according to the direction of rotation of said shaft, and means whereby a p rtion of the fluid from one of the first said passages will be delivered by centrifugal force, through said shaft to lubricate the adjacent parts.

9. A pump embodying a rotatable shaft having an open chamber at one end, a stationary member extending into said chamber and having two separate passages opening laterally therethrough, one of which serves as an inlet and the other as a discharge outlet, two separate passages in the wall of said chamber, ports individual to, and adapted to establish commmunication between, the last said passages and the respective first said passages, as the shaft is rotated, radial cylinder encompassing the shaft, and with which cylinders the said ports respectively establish commimica- 7 tion through passages to said cylinders, as the shaft rotates, pistons in the cylinders, and operative connections between the. shaft and the re-' spectivepistons for operating theme 10. A pump embodying a rotatable shaft having an open chamber, at one end, a stationary member extending intosaid chamber and having two separate passages opening laterallytherethro h, one of which serves as an inlet and the other as a discharge outlet, two separate passages connected with the shaft and the respective pistons.

11. A pump embodying a rotatable shaft having an open chamber, a stationary pintle member extending into the chamber and having two separate passages opening laterally therethrough, one of which serves as an inlet and the other as a discharge outlet, two separate passages in the wall of said chamber out of communication with each other, ports individual to, and adapted to establish communication between, the last said passages and the respective first said passages, as the shaft is rotated, radial cylinders encompassing the shaft, with which cylinders the said ports successively establish communication through passages to said cylinders, as the shaft rotates,

pistons inthe cylinders, and connections between the pistons and said shaft, said connections embodying pitman rods connecting them with'the shaft, whereby thesaid pistons will be positively moved in'both directions.

12. A pump embodying a rotatable shaft having an open chamber, a stationary pintle member extending into the chamber and having two separate passages opening laterally therethrough, one of which serves as an inlet and the other as a discharge outlet, two separate passages in the wall of said chamber out of communication with each other, ports individual to, and adapted to establish communication between, the last said passages and the respective first said passages, as the shaft is rotated, radial cylinders encompassing the shaft, with which cylinders the said ports successively establish communication through passages to said cylinders as the shaft rotates,

pistons in the cylinders, and connections between the pistons and said shaft, said connections embodying pitman rods connecting them with the shaft, whereby the said pistons will be positively moved in bothdirections, one of said pitmans constituting a masterpitman rigidly connected to an eccentric member carried by the shaft.

EINAR K. JOHANSEN. 

